How to Use the Versatile French Word Même

The French word mà ªme is a handy one to know. Loosely translated as same or even, the words meaning changes based on how it is used in a sentence. Mà ªme  may function as an indefinite adjective, an indefinite pronoun, or an adverb. Indefinite Adjective When used as an indefinite adjective, mà ªmes meaning differs according to whether it precedes or follows the noun it modifies:1) Before a noun, mà ªme means same. Cest la mà ªme chose!   Its the same thing!Jai lu le mà ªme livre.   I read the same book.Il aime les mà ªmes programmes.   He likes the same programs.Il a le mà ªme à ¢ge que moi. Hes the same age as me. 2) After a noun or pronoun, mà ªme emphasizes that thing and means (one)self or personified.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a perdu la bague mà ªme.   He lost the ring itself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je veux le faire moi-mà ªme. (stressed pronoun)   I want to do it myself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elle est la gentillesse mà ªme.   She is the epitome of kindness. / She is kindness itself. Indefinite Pronoun Le mà ªme as an indefinite pronoun means the same and may be singular or plural.   Cest le mà ªme.   Its the same.Elles sont toujours les mà ªmes.   Theyre always the same.Cela / à §a revient (strictement) au mà ªme. It comes / amounts to (exactly) the same thing. Adverb As an adverb, mà ªme is invariable, emphasizes the word it modifies, and means even, (to go) so far as to.   Mà ªme Jacques est venu.   Even Jacques came.  Il avait mà ªme achetà © un billet.   He even went so far as to buy a ticket.  Ils sont tous partis, mà ªme le bà ©bà ©.   They all left, even the baby.  Je lai vu ici mà ªme.   I saw him in this very spot. Personal Pronoun Personal pronouns with  mà ªme  form the -self pronouns, which are personal pronouns of emphasis. moi-mà ªme   myselftoi-mà ªme   yourself (singular and  familiar)elle-mà ªme  Ã‚  herselflui-mà ªme  Ã‚  himselfsoi-mà ªme   oneself, yourselfvous-mà ªme   yourself (plural and formal)elles-mà ªmes  Ã‚  themselves (feminine)eux-mà ªmes  Ã‚  themselves  (masculine) Expressions à   mà ªme   right on, in, from; in positionà   mà ªme que   capable ofde mà ªme que   just / right as (something happened)mà ªme que (familiar) moreoverquand mà ªme  Ã‚  even so, anywaytout de mà ªme   even soÇa revient au mà ªme.   That amounts to the same thing.Cest du pareil au mà ªme.  (informal)   Its always the same.en mà ªme temps at the same timeIl na mà ªme pas pleurà ©.   He didnt even cry.  Ãƒ   mà ªme la peau  Ã‚  next to the skinà   mà ªme le sol  Ã‚  on the bare ground  Ã‚  Je suis parti et lui de mà ªme.   I left and so did he.  Ã‚  Ãƒ   mà ªme:  dormir à   mà ªme le sol   to sleep on the floorà   mà ªme de   able to,  in a position tode mà ªme:  faire de mà ªme   to do likewise  or  the samede mà ªme que just asmà ªme que  (familiar) so much so thatmà ªme si   even if

Is It Morally Permissible - 2198 Words

In the study of philosophy, it is evident that there are notions that agree and disagree with each other. When we narrow down philosophical time periods, it is even more interesting to see how ideas conflict in such a short period of time. As we observe the period between Georg Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche, we are approached with an array of beliefs as religious philosophy is combined with non-religious philosophy. The undeniable aspect is that each concept can be adequately compared. In studying Georg Hegel, John Stuart Mill, Arthur Schopenhauer, and Friedrich Nietzsche, it is evident that each takes a supreme stance on morality. Therefore, I propose the question, â€Å"Is it morally permissible to commit suicide†? By analyzing each philosophical approach to this question, each philosopher’s notion on the concept will be revealed. Georg Hegel: Georg Hegel recognizes the original claim about suicide as determined by the Stoics. The Stoics believed that suicide was the ultimate assertion of freedom, or absolute negation. However, Hegel made a point to reject these claims because he did not believe that that withdrawal from the world was the virtue of a good life. He simply recognizes the stoics to address the metaphysical notion of freedom which is assumed as the â€Å"free will problem† to Hegel. He claims that, â€Å"the consciousness must grasp the living world as a system of thought and freedom in pure thought†. As we identify the possibility of suicide, then we can understand theShow MoreRelatedProstitution Is Not Morally Permissible1433 Words   |  6 PagesNetherlands have legalized the practice. In the recent past, ethics of prostitution have been debated with many people claiming that it is morally wrong. However, like all other controversial practices, prostitution has continued to thri ve in the society as evidenced by recent headlines. 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Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists. Answer: Introduction: The issues which has been determined in relation to the facts stated in the scenario is that whether on Thursday or Friday a valid contract had been formed between Bob and Toshiba electronics via their agent Mollie. The case of Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd [1953] 1 QB 401 is a famous English case which provided a decision in relation to the legal nature of an offer. A Landmark ruling has been made in the case which stated that goods which are displayed in store having an attached price tag do not make it an offer on the part of the store owner instead they are considered as an invitation to offer. In this case the court further signified that the display of goods in itself is not an offer rather when the customers put the goods in the basket and move to the counter of the store to purchase the goods it constitutes an offer which would be either rejected or accepted by the shop owner. Therefore when an invitation to treat is made there is no legal obligation on the part of the party making the treat. In another famous English case of Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204, it was held by the court that any advertisement cannot be considered as a legal offer. This is because if advertisements are considered as legal offers then a person who has advertised in relation to a certain product would have to sell the product to each and every person who makes an acceptance in relation to it. Therefore the plaintiff who made an advertisement for the sale of protected birds in a newspaper was not held guilty by the court as his advertisement never constituted a legally valid offer. An offer can be accepted by any person who the offeror had the intention of making the offer. A person to whom the offer has not been made cannot accept the offer. Further in the case of Byrne Co v Leon Van Tien Hoven Co [1880] 5 CPD 344 it had been stated by the court that an offer can only be accepted before it has been revoked by the person making it. Revocation of an offer means letting the offeree known that the offer is no longer interested in going forward with the terms of the offer. However this case also signifies that until and unless the revocation has actually been received by the offeree though it is not valid. In addition the Court ruled in the case of Ramsgate Victoria Hotel v Montefoire (1866) LR 1 Ex 109 that an offer can elapse by time and until the time stated by the offer has elapsed and no revocation has been made it has the capacity of being accepted by the person to whom it has been made. In the case of Hyde v Wrench (1840) 49 ER 132 the court made it clear that and acceptance has to be unequivocal. If the acceptance does not comply with the terms of the offer or it is not the mirror image of the terms of the offer it cannot be a valid acceptance. Any manipulation of the original offer terms makes the acceptance a counter offer. The court also signified in this case that counter offer brings the original offer to an end. In the given situation it has been provided that and advertisement has been made by Toshiba electronics pty Limited who is a vendor of electronic equipments that they are going to offer 75 inches Sony Bravia LED televisions only at a price of $3,500. In response to the advertisement Bob went to the nearest store next day in order to purchase the television. As soon as he met the manager of the store he informed him that he accepts the offer of Sony Bravia LED television which had been advertised. However the manager told him to slow down as the stock has been sold out because of the rush. In the given situation it has to be analysed that whether a valid offer has been made by Toshiba Electronics pty Limited or not. In the above discussed case of Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204 it had been ruled by the court that f advertisements are considered as legal offers then a person who has advertised in relation to a certain product would have to sell the product to each and every pe rson who makes an acceptance in relation to it. In the same way if the principles of this case are applied in the present situation it can be stated that if the advertisement which had been made by Toshiba electronics would be considered as an offer then Toshiba electronics would be liable to sell the television to any number of person who accept the offer even if they do not have the number of required televisions. Therefore through the application of the above discussed provisions in the given circumstances it can be stated that there has been only an invitation to treat made by Toshiba electronics and not a valid offer. Where there has only been an invitation to treat there is no legal liability which Toshiba electronics have. Further through the application of the Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists case which stated that when the customers put the goods in the basket and move to the counter of the store to purchase the goods it constitutes an offer which would be eit her rejected or accepted by the shop owner, It can be evidently said that Bob is the one who has made the offer in the given situation and it is up on the shopkeeper or its manager to decide whether to accept or reject the offer. Therefore through the applications of rules relating to contract law it is clear that no contract had been formed between bob and Toshiba electronics on Thursday. Further an offer has been made by the manager of Toshiba electronics that she is willing to sell a demonstration model of the same television to Bob at a price of$2,000. However as Bob was not sure about the deal he said that he is going to think about it. Further it has been stated by the sale manager that she would keep the set aside for him till Friday only if he provided her with a$10 booking money. However as Bob was unsure that arrangements had been refused by him. He also stated to the manager that he will let her know by Friday. Through the application of Hyde v Wrench is where it was ruled by the court that an offer comes to an end once it has been rejected through the counter offer it can be clearly stated that the refusal of Bob to agree with the arrangement and provide his own time of acceptance in relation to the offer resulted in a counter offer. Therefore the offer which had been made by the manager of selling him the demonstration model at a price of $2,000 was ended as soon as Bob refused to agree with the arrangements. The television had been sold by the manager to another person next day at a price of $2,500. It has been provided by the scenario that Bob made an attempt to accept the offer made by the manager on Thursday at 10:30 a.m. on Friday. However, as discussed above as the offer had already come to an end when the arrangements had been refused by Bob there is no obligation which the manager has in relation to selling the television to Bob. Therefore in the given situation there has not been any contract form between Bob and Toshiba electronics either on Thursday or on Friday. There has been no contract form between bob and Toshiba electronics either on Thursday or on Friday. References Byrne Co v Leon Van Tien Hoven Co [1880] 5 CPD 344 Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd [1953] 1 QB 401 Hyde v Wrench (1840) 49 ER 132 Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204 Ramsgate Victoria Hotel v Montefoire (1866) LR 1 Ex 109